Health officials have confirmed the first known human infection of the H5N5 bird flu strain in the state of Washington, an avian influenza subtype that had been previously detected only in animals.
The person was severely ill and was admitted earlier this month with a high fever, confusion and significant difficulty breathing. The case has prompted fresh attention from public health officials, who have been monitoring outbreaks of avian influenza across the region.
What is the H5N5 Strain
The virus H5N5 is from a family of bird flu viruses that are carried by migratory birds such as ducks and geese, which serve as natural hosts. This virus is often transmitted to other species without the host birds showing signs of illness.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, although bird flu infections among humans are rare, they might happen when there is protracted or unprotected contact with infected birds. In this case, it was an elderly patient who had several pre-existing health problems and predisposing factors that could have made the infection more serious.
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First Human Case Since February
This is the first reported human H5N5 infection in the country since February. The Washington State Department of Health said the resident lived in Grays Harbor County and kept a mixed backyard flock.
According to the investigators, exposure likely came from either his own poultry or wild birds in the area. Officials are still tracing contacts and investigating the flock to find out how the virus entered the local environment.
Symptoms That Signal H5N5 Infection
Symptoms of H5N5 range from mild to life-threatening. Patients can have symptoms such as fever, sore throat, coughing, fatigue, muscle aches or gastrointestinal discomfort, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine.
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In some infections, eye irritation may be experienced, while the Pan American Health Organization warns that severe cases may progress to pneumonia or acute respiratory distress.
Minimizing the Potential for Exposure
Experts stress the importance of avoiding ill or dead birds and use protective equipment, like gloves and masks, while handling poultry or cleaning coops. Public health agencies strongly advise avoiding the consumption of raw meat, eggs, or dairy products from potentially exposed animals. Early detection is key to preventing new human cases.
How H5N5 Transmits to Humans
The World Health Organization explains that the mode of transmission includes droplets, dust or contaminated surfaces. People generally get infected after close contact with infected birds or contaminated areas including poultry farms and live bird markets. While the virus does not spread easily between humans, health authorities stress continued vigilance.
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Disclaimer: This article summarizes current information from health agencies; details may change as officials continue investigating the Washington H5N5 case.
