Iran is planning a significant expansion of its enriched uranium production, with the updated design of its Fordo nuclear plant enabling the country to produce over 34 kilograms of uranium enriched to 60% purity per month, up from the current 4.7 kilograms, according to a confidential report from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Uranium enriched to 60% is a step closer to the 90% purity needed for nuclear weapons.
While Iran insists its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes and defends its right to develop nuclear energy, it remains the only non-nuclear-weapon state enriching uranium to 60% purity, according to the IAEA.
IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi, speaking at the Manama Dialogue conference in Bahrain, noted that Iran’s actions serve as a “clear message” following its censure by the IAEA’s board of governors. Grossi warned that the implications of Iran’s move should not be underestimated.
This decision follows Iran’s announcement last month to deploy advanced centrifuges in retaliation for an IAEA resolution criticizing its lack of cooperation. The resolution, introduced by Britain, France, Germany, and the United States, comes after a similar resolution in June, calling for increased inspections to ensure Iran’s nuclear facilities are not being used for undeclared purposes.
The developments come as diplomatic efforts to revive the 2015 nuclear deal continue. The agreement, aimed at limiting Iran’s nuclear activities in exchange for sanctions relief, collapsed in 2018 when then-President Donald Trump withdrew the U.S. and reimposed heavy sanctions. Iran subsequently accelerated its nuclear activities, violating the terms of the deal. Negotiations resumed in Geneva last week, but tensions remain, especially with Trump expected to return to office in January.
