Kerala’s Health Department has revised its data on Amebic Meningoencephalitis. The Directorate of Health Services (DHS) confirmed 17 deaths so far in 2025. In total, 66 people have been infected with the rare brain-eating amoeba. Earlier, the department reported only two deaths, with 14 more cases under review.
On September 12, officials confirmed two fresh cases. This pushed the month’s tally to 19 cases and seven deaths. Health authorities said they have intensified surveillance, testing, and environmental monitoring across affected districts.
What is Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)?
The infection is caused by Naegleria fowleri, also called the “brain-eating amoeba.” It is extremely rare but often fatal. Globally, the mortality rate stands at 97 per cent. Kerala’s current death rate is 24 per cent. Officials described this as lower than the global average but still very alarming.
The amoeba usually infects people when contaminated freshwater enters the nose. Swimming in ponds, rivers, or poorly chlorinated pools is are known risk factor.
Unusual Cases Raise Concerns
Officials are worried about unusual cases this year. A three-month-old infant with no pond exposure tested positive. Some patients who only bathed at home also fell ill. This raised fears of unknown transmission routes. Health teams are investigating to understand how the infection is spreading in such cases.
How to Stay Safe?
Experts advised people to avoid exposure to untreated freshwater. They suggested using nose clips while swimming and ensuring proper chlorination of pools and wells. However, officials admitted these steps may not fully protect against infection. “Continuous vigilance, enhanced surveillance, and strict IEC measures are essential,” a senior official told ANI.
Other Diseases in Kerala
While PAM has drawn attention, leptospirosis remains Kerala’s deadliest infectious disease this year. It has killed 139 people. Hepatitis A caused 58 deaths, seasonal fevers claimed 38 lives, dengue caused 33 deaths, and rabies accounted for 23 deaths.
Government Response
The Health Department has started awareness drives and fever surveys. They are also promoting water safety campaigns in vulnerable districts. Health officials said their goal is to reduce further infections and prevent panic among the public.
