SpaceX, the rocket company owned by Elon Musk, has secured a significant commercial deal with India’s space agency, ISRO, to launch the GSAT-20 satellite. The launch, set for next week, will be carried out using SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket. This marks the beginning of what could be many future collaborations between ISRO and SpaceX. Although some see them as competitors for low-cost satellite launches, SpaceX is widely regarded as the leader in the global commercial space industry.
The deal comes at a time when Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi shares a strong relationship with US President-elect Donald Trump, both referring to each other as “my friend.” Musk, a friend to both leaders, has praised Modi, calling him “a fan of Modi.” The timing of the deal is notable, but critics cannot accuse it of “crony capitalism,” as the agreements were made before the US election results.
The GSAT-20, weighing 4,700 kg, is too heavy for India’s rockets. While ISRO’s “Bahubali” rocket can lift up to 4,100 kg, it could not carry the GSAT-20. As a result, ISRO chose SpaceX for the mission. India had previously relied on Arianespace for heavy satellite launches, but Arianespace is currently not operational, and Russia is unable to offer rockets due to the ongoing Ukraine conflict. Given that China is not a viable option for India, SpaceX emerged as the best choice.
Radhakrishnan Durairaj, Chairman of New Space India Ltd (NSIL), said, “We got a good deal on this maiden launch with SpaceX,” adding that it was a “good deal for us” given the satellite’s size and the technical and commercial aspects.
The GSAT-20 satellite, with a mission life of 14 years, will help enhance internet connectivity across India, especially in remote areas. It is equipped with 32 user beams, including narrow and wide spot beams that will provide coverage across India. These beams will be supported by hub stations in mainland India.
Elon Musk has expressed interest in bringing SpaceX’s Starlink satellite-based internet services to India. In June 2023, Musk praised India’s future potential and its promise for innovation. “India has more promise than any large country in the world,” Musk said during a meeting with Prime Minister Modi. However, the Indian government has yet to approve Starlink’s operations, as it still needs to comply with security requirements.
In addition to this launch, SpaceX has another agreement with India. Axiom Space has signed a deal to send an Indian astronaut to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. This mission is expected to cost $60 million, though earnings from the mission may be lower due to the shared flight with other astronauts.
SpaceX’s growing ties with India signal a future of expanding collaborations in the space industry, including potential advancements in satellite communication and space travel.
