Depression is often referred to as a “silent killer,” with many individuals hiding their struggles behind a facade. Early detection is crucial for timely intervention, and now, researchers from the Stevens Institute of Technology have developed groundbreaking smartphone apps that may revolutionize how depression is diagnosed. The study, led by Professor Sang Won Bae and doctoral candidate Rahul Islam, introduces two AI-powered apps that analyze facial expressions and eye movements to identify early signs of depression.
The first app, Pupilsense, uses AI to detect depression by examining subtle changes in the eyes, specifically comparing the size of the pupil to the iris. Previous research has shown a link between pupillary reflexes and depressive episodes, and Pupilsense builds on this by taking quick, 10-second snapshots of a user’s eyes when they open or use their phone. These snapshots allow the app to monitor pupillary changes that may indicate depression.
In a four-week study involving 25 volunteers, Pupilsense analyzed around 16,000 interactions. The app accurately detected signs of depression in 76% of cases, outperforming other smartphone-based detection systems. This method is innovative as it does not require any specialized devices or equipment, making it easily accessible.
The second app, FacePsy, focuses on facial expressions and head movements to assess a person’s emotional state. It works in the background, capturing images of the user while they interact with their phone. These images are immediately deleted after analysis to maintain privacy. FacePsy’s findings showed that individuals who smiled more frequently were often masking underlying depressive symptoms. Additionally, certain head movements, such as yawing from side to side in the morning, were linked to depression.
These AI-driven apps mark a significant advancement in the early detection of mental health issues. By turning smartphones—ubiquitous in modern life—into diagnostic tools, the potential for widespread, convenient mental health screening becomes a reality. Both Pupilsense and FacePsy are still in the early stages of development, but their initial success points to a promising future in which depression can be detected and treated earlier, improving outcomes for countless individuals.
This innovative approach highlights the importance of integrating everyday technology into healthcare, offering hope for more accessible and effective mental health care solutions.
