HMPV (Human Metapneumovirus) is a respiratory virus causing cold-like symptoms, particularly severe in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. It spreads through respiratory droplets and close contact, leading to infections ranging from mild colds to pneumonia. Recently, China has been grappling with an outbreak, prompting concerns over its public health impact. Understanding and addressing this virus involves heightened surveillance, preventative measures like masks and hygiene, and ongoing research for effective treatments.