Claudia Sheinbaum made history on Tuesday by becoming Mexico’s first female president. She inherits a country facing significant challenges, including economic issues, escalating violence, and political division. As she took the oath of office in Congress, legislators enthusiastically chanted “Presidenta! Presidenta!” marking a pivotal moment in Mexico’s 200-year history.
Promises of Social Continuity and Economic Reform
In her inauguration speech, Sheinbaum emphasized her commitment to continuing the popular social programs of her predecessor, Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO). These include expanded cash assistance programs for women and children, limits on gasoline and food prices, and increased housing and infrastructure development. She also vowed to foster business investment while promoting renewable energy and capping oil production.
However, Sheinbaum offered only limited changes to AMLO’s controversial security policy of “Hugs not Bullets,” which focuses on addressing the root causes of violence without directly confronting drug cartels. She pledged to increase intelligence and investigative efforts but rejected a return to the aggressive anti-cartel tactics of past administrations.
Rising Violence and Devastated Cities
Despite the promises of continuity, Sheinbaum faces pressing challenges with widespread cartel violence across Mexico. One immediate concern is the northern city of Culiacan, where ongoing factional fighting within the Sinaloa cartel has led to street battles. Violence is also surging in cities from Tijuana to Chiapas, exacerbating the humanitarian crisis of displaced citizens.
Sheinbaum’s first official trip as president will be to Acapulco, which is still reeling from the devastating effects of Hurricane John. This natural disaster compounded the damage caused by Hurricane Otis in October 2023, leaving the region in crisis.
Economic Concerns and US Relations
On the economic front, Sheinbaum must manage a large budget deficit, unfinished infrastructure projects, and rising debt, all while navigating strained relations with the United States. A potential victory by Donald Trump in the upcoming US presidential election threatens to complicate Mexico’s trade with its northern neighbor. Trump has already vowed to impose 100% tariffs on Mexican-made vehicles and has promised mass deportations, adding to Sheinbaum’s growing list of challenges.
